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Women's education in Saudi Arabia
Women's education in Saudi Arabia is, as with several other aspects of daily life, organized according to the principles of Islam, which is the official religion of the country. The form of Islam practiced in Saudi Arabia is Wahhabi Islam, which is a fundamentalist Islamic religion that puts an emphasis on the importance of knowledge, study, and understanding. The religion believes that obtaining knowledge is the only way to gain true understanding of Wahhabi Islam, and as such encourage both males and females to study. According to Peter Hobday, women's education in Saudi Arabia can be understood by the very deep belief that men have a superiority over women because Allah has made men superior to women, and because men spend their wealth to maintain women. The way of practicing Wahhabi Islam has therefore led to segregation in education in Saudi Arabia, and in turn has created segregation in political, economical, and labor force environments. With the Segregation issue in Saudi Arabia, much has been done to bring about equality and acceptance of women's education. With the current struggle of social norms and laws, women have made great strides to obtain education in Saudi Arabia. However great these strides may be, there are consequences to the economy that by not allowing women to have access to equal education, there could be economical struggle.
==History==
The first ever school for girls in Saudi Arabia, called the Dar al-Hanan School, opened in 1956, and until then, few girls had an opportunity to get an education of any kind. The first state run school was then opened in 1960/61. Until 2002 different departments regulated education for males and females, as women's education was controlled through the Department of Religious Guidance while men's education was overseen by the Ministry of Education. The reason the Department of Religious Guidance remained control of education for women was to ensure that the women were educated in accordance with the principles of Islam as interpreted in Saudi Arabia, which traditionally espoused that women take roles that would be considered to be gender appropriate such as motherhood, housewifery, teaching, or nursing. According to Natana Delong-Bas, the apparent oppression of women's education by contemporary Wahhabi regimes is due to the adherence to the interpretation of the Wahhabi Islam.〔 Mona AlMunajjed explains how within the last 40 years the government has built an educational program that is succeeding in increasing school and university enrollment for women. Improvements in reducing illiteracy rates has also been a success in building the educational infrastructure in Saudi Arabia. Over the years basic education has been offered for children, both male and female, and has been of high quality education. Over the history for women's education in Saudi Arabia, women have received basic literacy and numeracy skills, and have completed primary school on time.
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